Container Transport in South Africa: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities

Container transport is the backbone of South Africa’s logistics and trade infrastructure. From the bustling Port of Durban to the inland hubs of Johannesburg and Pretoria, containerised freight moves millions of tonnes of goods annually, supporting industries from agriculture to manufacturing. As a logistics professional with over 30 years of experience, I’ve witnessed firsthand how this sector has evolved—and how it continues to face both significant challenges and exciting opportunities.

The State of Container Transport in South Africa

Port Infrastructure and Performance

South Africa’s ports are critical gateways for both imports and exports. The Port of Durban stands out as the country’s primary container port, handling approximately 60% of South Africa’s container traffic. It serves not only KwaZulu-Natal but also the Gauteng region and much of inland Southern Africa.

However, port performance has been a concern. In 2022, the Container Port Performance Index ranked Durban 341st out of 348 ports globally, and Cape Town was ranked 344th. These rankings highlight issues such as congestion, equipment shortages, and operational inefficiencies.

Inland Distribution Challenges

Once containers leave the ports, the journey inland often becomes more complex. South Africa’s rail infrastructure has been under strain due to years of underinvestment, leading to a heavy reliance on road transport. This shift has resulted in increased congestion on major highways and a fragmented trucking network.

Key Trends Shaping the Industry

1. Growth in Container Volumes

The containerised shipping market in Sub-Saharan Africa is on an upward trajectory. In 2025, the market size is estimated at USD 7.46 billion and is expected to reach USD 9.79 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 5.5%. This growth is driven by increased trade volumes, particularly in sectors like agriculture and mining.

2. Infrastructure Development Initiatives

Recognising the need to enhance port capacity, Transnet has partnered with Grindrod to develop a new container handling facility at the Port of Richards Bay. This project, with an estimated capital investment of R285 million, aims to increase the port’s container handling capacity from 50,000 TEUs to 200,000 TEUs annually, with operations expected to commence in 2027.

3. Technological Advancements

The adoption of technology is transforming container transport. Companies are increasingly implementing digital platforms for real-time tracking, route optimisation, and predictive maintenance. These technologies not only improve efficiency but also enhance transparency and customer satisfaction.

Challenges Facing the Sector

1. Port Congestion and Delays

Port congestion remains a significant issue. Factors such as equipment failures, adverse weather conditions, and labour shortages contribute to delays in container handling. These disruptions can lead to increased costs and supply chain bottlenecks.

2. Regulatory Complexities

The logistics industry in South Africa is governed by a complex regulatory framework. Transporting containers, especially oversized or abnormal loads, requires navigating a maze of permits, safety checks, and route approvals. This regulatory complexity can lead to delays and increased operational costs.

3. Security Concerns

Theft and vandalism of cargo remain persistent problems. Criminal activities such as cable theft and hijackings not only disrupt operations but also pose significant safety risks to drivers and cargo.

Opportunities in Container Transport

1. Short Sea Shipping

To alleviate road congestion and improve efficiency, there is a growing interest in short sea shipping services. These services aim to increase intra-regional trade between South Africa and neighbouring countries like Mozambique, Tanzania, and Kenya.

2. Public-Private Partnerships

The South African government is actively seeking private sector involvement to revitalise the rail network. In August 2025, a request for proposals for private-sector rail investment is expected to be issued, focusing on key export corridors.

3. Green Logistics

Sustainability is becoming a focal point in logistics operations. Companies are exploring eco-friendly practices such as using low-emission vehicles, optimising fuel consumption, and implementing green supply chain initiatives to reduce their carbon footprint.

Real-World Examples

Multistrada Logistics

Multistrada Logistics provides reliable container transport services across South Africa and neighbouring countries. Their fleet is equipped to handle both laden and empty containers, ensuring timely and secure deliveries.

Conclusion

Container transport in South Africa is at a crossroads. While challenges such as port congestion, regulatory complexities, and security concerns persist, the sector is poised for growth. Infrastructure developments, technological advancements, and a focus on sustainability present significant opportunities for stakeholders. By embracing innovation and collaboration, the industry can navigate these challenges and unlock its full potential.

As we look to the future, it is clear that the success of container transport in South Africa will depend on the collective efforts of government, industry players, and the private sector to create a more efficient, secure, and sustainable logistics environment.

Note: The information provided in this article is based on the latest available data and industry insights as of August 2025.